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Joan de Beauvoir de Havilland (October 22, 1917December 15, 2013), known professionally as Joan Fontaine, was a British-American actress. Fontaine began her career on the stage in 1935 and signed a contract with RKO Pictures that same year. In 1941, she received an Academy Award nomination for Best Actress for her role in ''Rebecca'', directed by Alfred Hitchcock. The following year, she won the Academy Award for Best Actress for Hitchcock's ''Suspicion'' (1941), making Fontaine the only actor ever to win an Academy Award in a film directed by Hitchcock.〔Booker 2011, p. 134.〕 Fontaine and her elder sister Olivia de Havilland are the only set of siblings to have won lead acting Academy Awards. During the 1940s to the 1990s, Fontaine continued her career in roles on the stage and in radio, television and film. She released her autobiography, ''No Bed of Roses'', in 1978. After a career spanning over fifty years, Fontaine made her last on-screen appearance in 1994. Born in Japan to British parents, the sisters moved to California in 1919. Fontaine lived in Carmel Highlands, California, where she owned a home, Villa Fontana. It was there that she died of natural causes at the age of 96 in 2013. ==Early life== Joan de Havilland was born in Tokyo, Japan, to English parents. Her father, Walter Augustus de Havilland (August 31, 1872 – May 23, 1968), was educated at the University of Cambridge and served as an English professor at the Imperial University in Tokyo before becoming a patent attorney with a practice in Japan.〔Thomas 1983, p. 20.〕 Her mother, Lilian Augusta (née Ruse; June 11, 1886 – February 20, 1975),〔("Olivia Mary de Havilland at ''ThePeerage.com'' ). Retrieved February 15, 2013.〕〔(Olivia de Havilland profile at FilmReference.com ). Retrieved February 15, 2013.〕 was educated at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London, and became a stage actress who left her career after going to Tokyo with her husband.〔 Her mother would return to work with the stage name "Lillian Fontaine" after her daughters achieved prominence in the 1940s. Joan's paternal cousin was Sir Geoffrey de Havilland (1882–1965), an aircraft designer known for the De Havilland Mosquito,〔French, Philip. "Screen Legends No.73". ''The Observer'', Review Section, 2009.〕 and founder of the aircraft company which bore his name. Her paternal grandfather, the Reverend Charles Richard de Havilland, was from a family from Guernsey, in the Channel Islands.〔Beeman 1994, p. 24.〕〔Thomson 2010, p. 339.〕 De Havilland's parents married in 1914 and separated in 1919, when Lilian decided to end the marriage after discovering that her husband used the sexual services of geishas; the divorce was not finalized, however, until February 1925. Taking a physician's advice, Lilian de Havilland moved Joan—reportedly a sickly child who had developed anaemia following a combined attack of the measles and a streptococcal infection—and her elder sister, Olivia, to the United States.〔Fontaine 1978, p. 19.〕 The family settled in Saratoga, California, and Fontaine's health improved dramatically. She was educated at Los Gatos High School, and was soon taking diction lessons alongside her elder sister. When she was 16 years old, de Havilland returned to Japan to live with her father. There she attended the American School in Japan, graduating in 1935.〔("Prominent Alumni." ) ''asij.ac.jp.'' Retrieved: October 6, 2011.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Joan Fontaine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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